The effect of a transtheoretical model–based motivational interview on self‐efficacy, metabolic control, and health behaviour in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of a transtheoretical model–based motivational interview method on self‐efficacy, metabolic control, and health behaviour in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A randomized controlled study design was used. The study was conducted with 50 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, divided into an intervention group and a control group. The researcher held motivational interviews with the patients in the intervention group. Both groups were observed at the beginning of the study and 6 months after the baseline interview. The study data were collected between January 8 and November 18, 2014. Results: Comparing the intervention and the control groups, the differences in the level of self‐efficacy and participants' metabolic values were significant (P < .05). The number of participants in the action stage of the intervention group for nutrition, exercise, and medication use significantly increased compared with the control group (P < .05). Conclusion: The transtheoretical model–based motivational interview method increased the self‐efficacy level of participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus, which helped them improve their metabolic control and health behaviour stages over this 6‐month period. SUMMARY STATEMENT: What is already known about this topic? Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the top 10 potentially fatal diseases that are increasing in prevalence worldwide.The level of self‐efficacy is directly associated with health‐promotion behaviours such as proper diet and regular exercise. The self‐belief or self‐efficacy level for a behaviour can increase or decrease the motivation for taking action.The transtheoretical model facilitates the classification of stages a person goes through before engaging in a behaviour. What this paper adds? The transtheoretical model–based motivational interview helps people with type 2 diabetes mellitus control their blood glucose levels; increase their level of self‐efficacy, which is important for behavioural change; and make positive improvements in nutrition, exercise, and medication use.The frequency of conducting transtheoretical model–based motivational interviews should be planned according to the characteristics of individuals. The implications of this paper: The transtheoretical model–based motivational interview method for encouraging positive health behavioural change (nutrition, exercise, and medication use) in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus who resist behavioural change may be beneficial in promoting behavioural change.Health care providers can easily apply the transtheoretical model–based motivational interview method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]