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Leishmania braziliensis Infection Enhances Toll-Like Receptors 2 and 4 Expression and Triggers TNF-α and IL-10 Production in Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.

Leishmania braziliensis Infection Enhances Toll-Like Receptors 2 and 4 Expression and Triggers TNF-α and IL-10 Production in Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.

Authors :
Polari, Ludmila P.
Carneiro, Pedro Paulo
Macedo, Michael
Machado, Paulo R. L.
Scott, Phillip
Carvalho, Edgar M.
Bacellar, Olívia
Source :
Frontiers in Cellular & Infection Microbiology; 5/2/2019, Vol. 9, pN.PAG-N.PAG, 11p
Publication Year :
2019

Abstract

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by infection with Leishmania braziliensis is characterized by an exaggerated inflammatory response that controls the parasite burden, but also contributes to pathology. While myeloid cells are required to eliminate the parasite, recent studies indicate that they may also participate in the inflammatory response driving disease progression. The innate immune response to leishmania is driven in part by the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9. In this study, we used flow cytometric analysis to compare TLR2 and TLR4 expression in monocyte subsets (classical, intermediate, and non-classical) from CL patients and healthy subjects (HS). We also determined if there was an association of either the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF or the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 with TLR2 or TLR4 expression levels after L. braziliensis infection. In vitro infection with L. braziliensis caused CL monocytes to up-regulate TLR2 and TLR4 expression. We also found that intermediate monocytes expressed the highest levels of TLR2 and TLR4 and that infected monocytes produced more TNF and IL-10 than uninfected monocytes. Finally, while classical and intermediate monocytes were mainly responsible for TNF production, classical monocytes were the main source of IL-10. Collectively, our studies revealed that up-regulated TLR2/4 expression and TNF production by intermediate/inflammatory subsets of monocytes from patients correlates with detrimental outcome of cutaneous leishmaniasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
22352988
Volume :
9
Database :
Complementary Index
Journal :
Frontiers in Cellular & Infection Microbiology
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
136225244
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2019.00120