ROLE OF miRNA 155 AND miR146A ON MACROPHAGE (M1, M2) POLARIZATION AND PRO-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES PRODUCTION IN IRAQI PATIENTS WITH HEART DISEASES.

Heart diseases (HD)in its various form is the leading cause of death worldwide the total number of annual death due to HD is more than 17 million in the world (WHO, 2017). Macrophages display remarkable plasticity, with the ability to undergo dynamic transition between different functional phenotypes. macrophage phenotypes (M1, M2) play important role in heart disease, m1macrophage is pro inflammatory and m2 is anti-inflammatory macrophage. Different cytokines like (interleukins 10,12, and tumor necrosis factor á and interferon gamma) play important role in macrophage polarization (Das et al, 2015). The micro RNAs (miRNA) have been shown to regulate macrophage polarization towered m1 or m2 macrophage and subsequent effects on inflammation in heart diseases ( Liu and Abraham, 2013). The present study was conducted to obtain more clarification of the morphological changes of the macrophage phenotypes in Iraqi patients with heart disease and the factors that predispose them to polarization, such as pro-inflammatory and anti- inflammatory cytokines and role of different factors such as Helicobacter pylori infection and C-reactive protein and the important role of miRNA 146a and miRNA 155 in macrophage polarization. Our study included 80 subjects divided in two groups, the first group was 65 patients with different heart diseases (20 myocardial infraction (MI), 15 heart failer (HF), 10 stable angina (ST angina), and 20 unstable angina (UnST angina)while the second group was 15 healthy volunteers, serum was collected from thesegroups. for quantification of serum IL10, IL12, TNF- á and IFN-ã level by ELISA technique, furthermore detection the Helicobacter pylori antibody by using rapid test and agglutination test to estamination of C- reactive protein (CRP)in serum, in addition miRNA was extracted from serum samples and qRT-PCR was carried out to detect the expression level of miRNA 155 and miRNA 146 in patient and control. The ELISA results show highly significance(PÂ0.01) increment of interleukin IL^-10 and significantly increased of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-á) (PÂ0.01), and also showed significantly decreased level of interleukin 12(IL^-12), and interferon gamma (IFN-ã). By using qRT-PCR the result show highly significance expression of miRNA 146a and miRNA 155 in serum of study groups. The highly increased of anti-inflammatory (IL10) and TNF-á and low level of some proinflammatory is associated with highly expression of miRNA146a and low increased of miRNA 155 in all study groups compared with miRNA 146a expression, reflect the important role of miRNA in macrophage polarization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]