Investigation of Nanoparticle as a Drug Carrier Suspended in a Blood Flowing Through an Inclined Multiple Stenosed Artery.

In the present study, a single and discrete phase model is employed to obtain analytical solutions of velocity, temperature, and stream function to describe the transport characteristics of a newtonian blood-gold, silver, or copper nanofluid flowing through an inclined multiple stenose artery, under the influence of externally applied heat. The spherical gold nanoparticles are used for discrete phase model to track the nanoparticle in the blood flow within the artery containing multiple stenosis, which is not explored so far. Apart from estimating the velocity, temperature distributions, and stream function, an explicit expression is derived for wall shear stress distribution. The effects of different flow parameters are depicted through graphs for different values of interest. The results reveal that the hemodynamics effects of stenosis reduce with an increase of particle concentration in the blood and also finding that the drug gold nanoparticles are more effective to reduce hemodynamics of stenosis when compared to the drug silver or copper nanoparticle. The normal flow of blood is observed for only 0.03 volume fraction of gold nanoparticle. We also demonstrate that cylindrical-shaped nanoparticle is more effective for drug delivery than spherical shaped as it has less wall shearing stress. The significant effect of Brownian motion is observed on gold nanoparticle in two-phase model. This study would provide valuable information for nanoparticle distribution in a vascular artery in the field of nanoparticle drug delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]