Wind turbine sensor array for monitoring avian and bat collisions.

Assessment of avian and bat collisions with wind turbines is necessary to ensure that the benefits of renewable wind power generation are not outweighed by mortality of protected species. An onboard, integratedmultisensor system capable of providingdetectionof turbine collision events, including taxonomic information, was developed. The conceptual design of a multisensor system including a vibration sensing node, an optics node, and an bioacoustic node with an event-driven trigger architecture was field-tested on utility-scale wind turbines. A pixel density computational modelwas built to estimate the spatial coverage and target resolution to the optimized configuration for camera placement. Field test results of the vibration node showed that nearly half of the recorded impact events were successfully identified by visual inspection and running short-time Fourier transform on recorded vibration signals. The remaining undetected impact events were masked under background noise due to lowimpact energy and high background noise of the operating turbine, which result in subsequent low signal-to-noise ratio. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of triggering the system through single impact event sensed by vibration sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]