Association of S100 calcium‐binding protein A12, receptor for advanced glycation endproducts, and nuclear factor‐κB expression with inflammation in pulp tissues from tooth caries.

Abstract: Aim: S100 calcium‐binding protein A1 (S100A12) is a pro‐inflammatory molecule which is secreted during inflammation and induces chemotaxis and the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines via interaction with receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) and subsequent, activation of nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB). The present study was designed to determine the expression levels of S100A12, RAGE, and NF‐κB in the inflamed pulp of carried teeth. Methods: In the present study, mRNA from 50 inflamed pulp and 50 healthy pulp were used for expression studies using real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The expression levels of S100A12, RAGE, and NF‐κB were compared between inflamed and healthy tissues. Results: The results revealed that the expression of S100A12, but not of RAGE or NF‐κB, was significantly decreased in inflamed pulp when compared to healthy pulp. mRNA levels of RAGE were also increased in the inflamed pulp taken from men when compared with women. Conclusion: The results suggest that S100A12 does not participate in the induction of inflammation in dental pulp. However, RAGE can participate in the inflammation in the pulp of males. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]