Bioavailability of Vanadium Extracted by EDTA, HCl, HOAC, and NaNO in Topsoil in the Panzhihua Urban Park, Located in Southwest China.

Bioavailable vanadium was evaluated on the basis of soil vanadium single-extraction with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), hydrochloric acid (HCl), acetic acid (HOAc), and sodium nitrate (NaNO) in Panzhihua urban park. The soil vanadium concentration extracted by HOAc was 0.01-2.07 mg kg, by EDTA 0.28-7.03 mg kg, by NaNO 0.07-0.53 mg kg, and by HCl 0.19-1.36 mg kg. The bioavailable vanadium (bioavailable fraction) obtained with HOAc was 0.01-1.33%, with EDTA 0.27-4.09%, with NaNO 0.13-0.72%, and with HCl 0.06-0.28%. In addition, the impact of soil properties, soil nutrients, and soil enzyme activities on bioavailability of vanadium is discussed in this study. Based on the characteristics of bioavailable vanadium in the soil, ecological and health risks should have been given more attention in the studied area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]