RuleScope: Inspecting Forwarding Faults for Software-Defined Networking.

Software-defined networking (SDN) promises unprecedentedly flexible network management but it is susceptible to forwarding faults. Such faults originate from data-plane rules with missing faults and priority faults. Yet existing fault detection ignores priority faults, because they are not discovered on commercial switches until recently. In this paper, we present RuleScope, a more comprehensive solution for inspecting SDN forwarding. RuleScope offers a series of accurate and efficient algorithms for detecting and troubleshooting rule faults. They inspect forwarding behavior using customized probe packets to exercise data-plane rules. The detection algorithm exposes not only missing faults but also priority faults and the troubleshooting algorithm uncover actual forwarding states of data-plane flow tables. Both of them help track real-time forwarding status and benefit reliable network monitoring. Furthermore, toward fast inspection of dynamic networks, we propose incremental algorithms for rapidly evolving network policies to amortize detection and troubleshooting overhead without sacrificing accuracy. Experiments with our prototype on the Ryu SDN controller and Pica8 P-3297 switch show that the RuleScope achieves accurate fault detection on 320-entry flow tables with a cost of 1500+ probe packets within 16 s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]