Back to Search
Start Over
Reduced nicotine content cigarettes and use of alternative nicotine products: exploratory trial.
- Source :
- Addiction; Jan2017, Vol. 112 Issue 1, p156-167, 12p, 1 Diagram, 3 Charts, 3 Graphs
- Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Aims To compare the use of alternative nicotine products, smoking behavior and tobacco biomarker exposure in smokers unwilling to quit who were assigned randomly to normal nicotine content (NNC) cigarettes or very low nicotine content (VLNC) cigarettes. Design Randomized, parallel-arm 8-week study with assignment to VLNC (VLNC 1, n = 53) or NNC (NNC, n = 27) with access to non-cigarette combusted and non-combusted tobacco/nicotine products or to VLNC with access to only non-combusted products (VLNC2, n = 56). Setting Clinics in Minnesota, USA. Participants Smokers uninterested in quitting smoking with a mean [± standard deviation (SD)] age of 44 (± 14) years and smoking 16 (± seven) cigarettes/day; 51% female, 72% white. Measurements During the experimental period, the measures taken included: rate of alternative products used, amount of and abstinence from combusted tobacco used and tobacco exposure biomarkers. Findings There were higher rates of non-combusted alternative tobacco/nicotine product use in both VLNC conditions versus the NNC condition [rate ratio (RR) = 2.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.94, 2.46 and RR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.46, 1.85, respectively] and in VLNC1 versus VLNC2 condition (RR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.23, 1.44), accompanied by reduced biomarkers of exposure primarily in VLNC2 condition compared to NNC condition ( Ps < 0.05). Fewer combusted products were smoked at almost all visits ( Ps ≤ 0.02) and there were higher rates of abstinence for both VLNC conditions compared with the NNC condition (VLNC1 versus NNC: RR = 9.96, 95% CI = 5.01, 19.81; VLNC2 versus NNC: RR = 11.23, 95% CI = 5.74, 21.97). Conclusion The offer of, and instructions to use, reduced nicotine content cigarettes during an 8-week period led to greater use of alternative tobacco/nicotine products compared with continued use of normal nicotine cigarettes and also reductions in smoking rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- NICOTINE replacement therapy
SMOKING
REHABILITATION of cigarette smokers
TOBACCO products
PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of nicotine
SMOKING cessation
ADULTS
TOBACCO industry
PREVENTION
EQUIPMENT & supplies
SUBSTANCE abuse
LAW
GOVERNMENT policy
BEHAVIOR
BIOMARKERS
CHI-squared test
CONFIDENCE intervals
NICOTINE
POISSON distribution
PROBABILITY theory
QUESTIONNAIRES
RESEARCH
RESEARCH funding
STATISTICAL sampling
TOBACCO
RANDOMIZED controlled trials
REPEATED measures design
DATA analysis software
DESCRIPTIVE statistics
ODDS ratio
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 09652140
- Volume :
- 112
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- Addiction
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 120127536
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13603