Cautionary note on multicomponent flood distributions for annual maxima.

Multicomponent probability distributions such as the two-component Gumbel distribution are sometimes applied to annual flood maxima when individual floods are seen as belonging to different classes, depending on physical processes or time of year. However, hydrological inconsistencies may arise if only nonclassified annual maxima are available to estimate the component distribution parameters. In particular, an unconstrained best fit to annual flood maxima may yield some component distributions with a high probability of simulating floods with negative discharge. In such situations, multicomponent distributions cannot be justified as an improved approximation to a local physical reality of mixed flood types, even though a good data fit is achieved. This effect usefully illustrates that a good match to data is no guarantee against degeneracy of hydrological models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]