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DHA supplementation during pregnancy does not reduce BMI or body fat mass in children: follow-up of the DHA to Optimize Mother Infant Outcome randomized controlled trial.
- Source :
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition; 6/1/2016, Vol. 103 Issue 6, p1489-1496, 8p, 1 Diagram, 3 Charts
- Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Background: The omega-3 (n-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has proven effective at reducing fat storage in animal studies. However, a systematic review of human trials showed a lack of quality data to support or refute this hypothesis. Objective: We sought to determine whether maternal DHA supplementation during the second half of pregnancy results in a lower body mass index (BMI) and percentage of body fat in children. Design: We conducted a follow-up at 3 and 5 y of age of children who were born to mothers enrolled in the DOMInO (DHA to Optimize Mother Infant Outcome) double-blind, randomized controlled trial, in which women with a singleton pregnancy were provided with DHA-rich fish-oil capsules (800 mg DHA/d) or vegetable-oil capsules (control group) in the second half of pregnancy. Primary outcomes were the BMI z score and percentage of body fat at 3 and 5 y of age. Potential interactions between prenatal DHA and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) genotype as a measure of the genetic predisposition to obesity were investigated. Results: A total of 1614 children were eligible for the follow-up. Parent or caregiver consent was obtained for 1531 children (95%), and these children were included in the analysis. BMI z scores and percentages of body fat of children in the DHA group did not differ from those of children in the control group at either 3 y of age [BMI z score adjusted mean difference: 0.03 (95% CI: 20.07, 0.13; P = 0.61); percentage of body fat adjusted mean difference: 20.26 (95% CI: -0.99, 0.46; P = 0.47)] or 5 y of age [BMI z score adjusted mean difference: 0.02 (95% CI: -0.08, 0.12; P = 0.66); percentage of body fat adjusted mean difference: 0.11 (95% CI: 20.60, 0.82; P = 0.75)]. No treatment effects were modified by the PPARγ genotype of the child. Conclusion: Independent of a genetic predisposition to obesity, maternal intake of DHA-rich fish oil during the second half of pregnancy does not affect the growth or body composition of children at 3 or 5 y of age. This trial was registered at www.anzctr.org. au as ACTRN1260500056906 and ACTRN12611001127998. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- GENETICS of childhood obesity
ADIPOSE tissues
ANTHROPOMETRY
BODY composition
CHI-squared test
CHILDREN'S health
CHILD nutrition
CONFIDENCE intervals
DIETARY supplements
FISH oils
GENETIC polymorphisms
BIOELECTRIC impedance
INSULIN resistance
INTERVIEWING
LONGITUDINAL method
MATHEMATICS
RESEARCH methodology
MEDICAL cooperation
MOTHERS
NUTRITIONAL assessment
NUTRITIONAL requirements
POISSON distribution
PROBABILITY theory
REGRESSION analysis
RESEARCH
RESEARCH funding
STATISTICAL sampling
STATISTICAL hypothesis testing
DOCOSAHEXAENOIC acid
STATISTICAL power analysis
EFFECT sizes (Statistics)
BODY mass index
RANDOMIZED controlled trials
BLIND experiment
PHYSICAL activity
DATA analysis software
PEROXISOME proliferator-activated receptors
DESCRIPTIVE statistics
MANN Whitney U Test
GENOTYPES
PREGNANCY
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00029165
- Volume :
- 103
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 115982785
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.115.126714