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Diet low in advanced glycation end products increases insulin sensitivity in healthy overweight individuals: a double-blind, randomized, crossover trial.
- Source :
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition; 6/1/2016, Vol. 103 Issue 6, p1426-1433, 8p, 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 1 Graph
- Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Background: The consumption of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) has increased because of modern food processing and has been linked to the development of type 2 diabetes in rodents. Objective: We determined whether changing dietary AGE intake could modulate insulin sensitivity and secretion in healthy, overweight individuals. Design: We performed a double-blind, randomized, crossover trial of diets in 20 participants [6 women and 14 men; mean ± SD body mass index (in kg/m²): 29.8 ± 3.7]. Isoenergetic- and macronutrient-matched diets that were high or low in AGE content were alternately consumed for 2 wk and separated by a 4-wk washout period. At the beginning and end of each dietary period, a hyperinsulinemiceuglycemic clamp and an intravenous glucose tolerance test were performed. Dietary, plasma and urinary AGEs N<superscript>∈</superscript>-(carboxymethyl) lysine (CML), N<superscript>∈</superscript>-(carboxyethyl)lysin (CEL), and methylglyoxal-derived hydroimadazolidine (MG-H1) were measured with the use of mass spectrometry. Results: Participants consumed less CML, CEL, and MG-H1 during the low-AGE dietary period than during the high-AGE period (all P < 0.05), which was confirmed by changes in urinary AGE excretion. There was an overall difference in insulin sensitivity of -22.1 mg ⋅ kg<superscript>-1</superscript> ⋅ min<superscript>-1</superscript> between diets (P = 0.001). Insulin sensitivity increased by 1.3 mg ⋅ kg<superscript>-1</superscript> ⋅ min<superscript>-1</superscript> after the low-AGE diet (P = 0.004), whereas it showed a tendency to decrease by 0.8 mg ⋅ kg<superscript>-1</superscript> ⋅ min<superscript>-1</superscript> after the high-AGE diet (P = 0.086). There was no difference in body weight or insulin secretion between diets (P = NS). Conclusions: A diet that is low in AGEs may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes by increasing insulin sensitivity. Hence, a restriction in dietary AGE content may be an effective strategy to decrease diabetes and cardiovascular disease risks in overweight individuals. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00422253. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- BODY composition
ANALYSIS of variance
CONFIDENCE intervals
CROSSOVER trials
DIET
FOOD chemistry
GLUCOSE tolerance tests
BIOELECTRIC impedance
INSULIN
INSULIN resistance
MASS spectrometry
NUTRITIONAL assessment
OBESITY
PROBABILITY theory
QUESTIONNAIRES
REGRESSION analysis
RESEARCH funding
STATISTICAL sampling
STATISTICAL hypothesis testing
STATISTICS
T-test (Statistics)
STATISTICAL power analysis
DATA analysis
BODY mass index
RANDOMIZED controlled trials
BLIND experiment
FOOD diaries
PHYSICAL activity
DATA analysis software
ADVANCED glycation end-products
DESCRIPTIVE statistics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00029165
- Volume :
- 103
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 115982771
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.115.125427