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Effects of wheat bran extract rich in arabinoxylan oligosaccharides and resistant starch on overnight glucose tolerance and markers of gut fermentation in healthy young adults.
- Source :
- European Journal of Nutrition; Jun2016, Vol. 55 Issue 4, p1661-1670, 10p, 2 Charts, 3 Graphs
- Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Purpose: Specific combinations of dietary fiber (DF) have been observed to result in improved glucose tolerance at a subsequent standardized breakfast. Arabinoxylan oligosaccharides (AXOS) are considered as DF with prebiotic potential, but so far no studies have investigated their metabolic effects in humans. This randomized cross-over study evaluated the overnight impact of breads containing AXOS-rich wheat bran extract and resistant starch (RS, Hi-Maize), separately or combined, on glucose tolerance, related metabolic parameters and markers of gut fermentation in healthy subjects. Methods: Evening reference and test products were: (1) reference white wheat flour bread (WWB), WWB supplemented with (2) AXOS and RS (WWB + AXOS + RS), (3) an increased content of either AXOS (WWB + hiAXOS) or (4) RS (WWB + hiRS). At the subsequent standardized breakfast, blood was sampled for 3 h to monitor glucose, insulin, nonesterified fatty acids, glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 and GLP-2. Breath hydrogen (H) and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) were measured as markers of gut fermentation, and subjective appetite was rated using visual analog scales. Results: Dose-dependent decreases in glucose responses were observed with increased AXOS over the duration of 3 h. Insulin sensitivity index was improved in the morning after the WWB + hiAXOS evening meal. An increase in breath H concentration and circulating SCFA was observed in the morning after both evening meals containing AXOS. Conclusion: The present study indicates that AXOS have the potential of improving glucose tolerance in an overnight perspective and suggested mechanisms are improved insulin sensitivity and increased gut fermentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- BLOOD sugar analysis
HYDROGEN analysis
ENRICHED foods
ANALYSIS of variance
APPETITE
BREAD
BREATH tests
CLINICAL trials
CROSSOVER trials
DOSE-response relationship in biochemistry
FATTY acids
FERMENTATION
DIETARY fiber
INSULIN
INSULIN resistance
INTESTINAL absorption
OLIGOSACCHARIDES
PROBABILITY theory
QUESTIONNAIRES
RESEARCH funding
STATISTICAL sampling
STATISTICAL hypothesis testing
STATISTICS
TIME
GLUCAGON-like peptide 1
DATA analysis
EFFECT sizes (Statistics)
BODY mass index
RANDOMIZED controlled trials
VISUAL analog scale
REPEATED measures design
PREBIOTICS
GLUCOSE intolerance
DATA analysis software
GLUCAGON-like peptides
DESCRIPTIVE statistics
SHORT-chain fatty acids
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14366207
- Volume :
- 55
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- European Journal of Nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 115529565
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-015-0985-z