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Risk factors for small-for-gestational-age and preterm births among 19,269 Tanzanian newborns.
- Source :
- BMC Pregnancy & Childbirth; 5/17/2016, Vol. 16, p1-12, 12p
- Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- <bold>Background: </bold>Few studies have differentiated risk factors for term-small for gestational age (SGA), preterm-appropriate for gestational age (AGA), and preterm-SGA, despite evidence of varying risk of child mortality and poor developmental outcomes.<bold>Methods: </bold>We analyzed birth outcome data from singleton infants, who were enrolled in a large randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of neonatal vitamin A supplementation conducted in Tanzania. SGA was defined as birth weight <10th percentile for gestation age and sex using INTERGROWTH standards and preterm birth as delivery at <37 complete weeks of gestation. Risk factors for term-SGA, preterm-AGA, and preterm-SGA were examined independently using log-binomial regression.<bold>Results: </bold>Among 19,269 singleton Tanzanian newborns included in this analysis, 68.3 % were term-AGA, 15.8 % term-SGA, 15.5 % preterm-AGA, and 0.3 % preterm-SGA. In multivariate analyses, significant risk factors for term-SGA included maternal age <20 years, starting antenatal care (ANC) in the 3(rd) trimester, short maternal stature, being firstborn, and male sex (all p < 0.05). Independent risk factors for preterm-AGA were maternal age <25 years, short maternal stature, firstborns, and decreased wealth (all p < 0.05). In addition, receiving ANC services in the 1(st) trimester significantly reduced the risk of preterm-AGA (p = 0.01). Significant risk factors for preterm-SGA included maternal age >30 years, being firstborn, and short maternal stature which appeared to carry a particularly strong risk (all p < 0.05).<bold>Conclusion: </bold>Over 30 % of newborns in this large urban and rural cohort of Tanzanian newborns were born preterm and/or SGA. Interventions to promote early attendance to ANC services, reduce unintended young pregnancies, increased maternal height, and reduce poverty may significantly decrease the burden of SGA and preterm birth in sub-Saharan Africa.<bold>Trial Registration: </bold>Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) - ACTRN12610000636055 , registered on 3(rd) August 2010. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- GESTATIONAL age
PREMATURE infant physiology
BIRTH weight
NEWBORN infants
PRENATAL care
THERAPEUTIC use of vitamin A
VITAMIN therapy
BIRTH size
COMPARATIVE studies
MATERNAL age
PREMATURE infants
RESEARCH methodology
MEDICAL cooperation
MULTIVARIATE analysis
DURATION of pregnancy
REGRESSION analysis
RESEARCH
STATURE
SOCIOECONOMIC factors
EVALUATION research
BLIND experiment
PREVENTION
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14712393
- Volume :
- 16
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- BMC Pregnancy & Childbirth
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 115469317
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-016-0900-5