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Urinary potassium excretion and risk of cardiovascular events.
- Source :
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition; 5/1/2016, Vol. 103 Issue 5, p1204-1212, 9p, 2 Charts, 1 Graph
- Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Background: Observational studies on dietary potassium and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) have reported weak-to-modest inverse associations. Long-term prospective studies with multiple 24-h urinary samples for accurate estimation of habitual potassium intake, however, are scarce. Objective: We examined the association between urinary potassium excretion and risk of blood pressure–related cardiovascular outcomes. Design: We studied 7795 subjects free of cardiovascular events at baseline in the Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-stage Disease study, a prospective, observational cohort with oversampling of subjects with albuminuria at baseline. Main cardiovascular outcomes were CVD [including ischemic heart disease (IHD), stroke, and vascular interventions], IHD, stroke, and new-onset heart failure (HF). Potassium excretion was measured in two 24-h urine specimens at the start of the study (1997–1998) and midway through follow-up (2001–2003). Results: Baseline median urinary potassium excretion was 70 mmol/24 h (IQR: 56–84 mmol/24 h). During a median follow-up of 10.5 y (IQR: 9.9–10.8 y), a total of 641 CVD, 465 IHD, 172 stroke, and 265 HF events occurred. After adjustment for age and sex, inverse associations were observed between potassium excretion and risk [HR per each 26- mmol/24-h (1-g/d) increase; 95% CI] of CVD (0.87; 0.78, 0.97) and IHD (0.86; 0.75, 0.97), as well as nonsignificant inverse associations for risk of stroke (0.85; 0.68, 1.06) and HF (0.94; 0.80, 1.10). After further adjustment for body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, education, and urinary sodium and magnesium excretion, urinary potassium excretion was not statistically significantly associated with risk (multivariable- adjusted HR per 1-g/d increment; 95% CI) of CVD (0.96; 0.85, 1.09), IHD (0.90; 0.81, 1.04), stroke (1.09; 0.86, 1.39), or HF (0.99; 0.83, 1.18). No associations were observed between the sodium-to-potassium excretion ratio and risk of CVD, IHD, stroke, or HF. Conclusion: In this cohort with oversampling of subjects with albuminuria at baseline, urinary potassium excretion was not independently associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- CARDIOVASCULAR disease diagnosis
CARDIOVASCULAR diseases
PATIENTS
CARDIOVASCULAR disease treatment
ALCOHOL drinking & health
HEALTH
SMOKING
ALBUMINURIA
EDUCATIONAL attainment
ANTHROPOMETRY
BLOOD pressure
CONFIDENCE intervals
CORONARY disease
STATISTICAL correlation
ALCOHOL drinking
HEART failure
LONGITUDINAL method
MAGNESIUM
SCIENTIFIC observation
POTASSIUM
PROBABILITY theory
RESEARCH funding
SODIUM
STATISTICAL hypothesis testing
STROKE
BODY mass index
PROPORTIONAL hazards models
DATA analysis software
DESCRIPTIVE statistics
ODDS ratio
DIAGNOSIS
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00029165
- Volume :
- 103
- Issue :
- 5
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 115169454
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.115.106773