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Age and time trends in the diet of young children: results of the DONALD study.
- Source :
- European Journal of Nutrition; Mar2016, Vol. 55 Issue 2, p611-620, 10p, 3 Charts, 1 Graph
- Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Purpose: To describe age and time trends of energy and macronutrient intake during infancy and toddlerhood and to set a special focus on dietary practices with respect to milk, complementary food, and family food intake. Methods: Three-day dietary records ( n = 2241) collected at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months (480 subjects) between 2004 and 2013 from the ongoing open cohort DONALD (Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed) study were evaluated using repeated-measures regression analyses for trend analysis. Results: Significant age trends were found for macronutrients with a decrease in fat intake (% of energy intake, %E) and an increase in carbohydrates (%E) and protein (%E). Exclusive and partial breastfeeding rates at 3 and 6 months did not differ between 2004 and 2008 and 2009 and 2013 ( p > 0.05). Macronutrient pattern was virtually stable over time, whereas food group intake (% of total food intake excluding beverages, % TFI) changed significantly during the study period. Breast/bottle milk (% TFI) intake increased over time in the toddler subgroup, whereas family food (% TFI) decreased. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate a period of stagnation in the last 10 years with respect to breastfeeding duration in infancy. Further breastfeeding promotion in Germany is needed to continue the favourable progress of the previous decades. In toddlerhood, breast/bottle milk remains a substantial part of the diet and has increased during the last 10 years. Parents should be encouraged to implement healthy eating habits during early toddlerhood and to facilitate their child's participation in appropriate family meals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- AGE distribution
ANTHROPOMETRY
BREASTFEEDING
CHI-squared test
CHILDREN'S health
CHILD nutrition
DIET
CARBOHYDRATE content of food
FAT content of food
INFANTS
INFANT nutrition
INGESTION
LONGITUDINAL method
MILK
NUTRITIONAL assessment
NUTRITIONAL requirements
PROBABILITY theory
DIETARY proteins
REGRESSION analysis
RESEARCH funding
TIME
STATISTICAL significance
REPEATED measures design
FOOD diaries
DATA analysis software
DESCRIPTIVE statistics
CHILDREN
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14366207
- Volume :
- 55
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- European Journal of Nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 113305049
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-015-0881-6