INTERNATIONAL R&D OVERVIEW.

The article provides an overview of the international and global research & development (R&D) for 2016 that has expanded dramatically over the past 20 years in most countries, except for economically distressed region. The dominance of U.S. and European institutions in academic R&D capabilities and the growing advantage due to a number of innovative and established methodologies are tackled. A chart is offered on the global technology sector leaders in various industries.