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Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between energy intake and BMI z-score in European children.
- Source :
- International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition & Physical Activity; 2/16/2016, Vol. 13, p1-11, 11p, 1 Diagram, 4 Charts, 1 Graph
- Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Background: Evidence for the effect of dietary energy on BMI z-scores in young children is limited. We aim to investigate cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of daily energy intake (EI) on BMI z-scores of European boys and girls considering growth-related height dependencies of EI using residual EI. Methods: To investigate cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of daily energy intake (EI) on BMI z-scores of European boys and girls considering growth-related height dependencies of EI using residual EI. Methods: Subjects were children aged 2- < 10 y old (N = 2753,48.2 % girls) participating in the IDEFICS (Identification and prevention of Dietary- and lifestyle-induced health EFfects In Children and infantS) baseline and follow-up examination. Usual EI (kcal/day) was calculated based on the National Cancer Institute-method excluding subjects with implausible reported EI. Effect of age, height and sex-adjusted residuals of EI on BMI z-score was investigated stratified by baseline age -group (2- < 4 y, 4- < 6 y, 6- < 8 y and 8- < 10 y) cross-sectionally using linear regression models adjusted for relevant confounders (crude model: age, sex, country; fully adjusted model: plus parental ISCED level, parental BMI, screen time; subgroup analysis: plus objectively measured physical activity). Longitudinal associations were estimated between changes in (Δ) residual EI per year and ΔBMI z-score per year with adjustments analogously to the cross-sectional models but with additional adjustment for residual EI at baseline. Results: Cross-sectionally, positive associations were observed between residual EI and BMI z-score for the full study sample, for boys and in older (≥6 years) but not in younger children in the crude and fully adjusted model. Longitudinally, small positive associations were observed between Δresidual EI per y on ΔBMI z-score per y for the full study sample and in 4- < 6 y olds in the crude and fully adjusted model. Conclusion: In conclusion, EI above the average intakes for a certain sex, age and height are weakly associated with BMI z-scores in European children. Residual EI may be considered as a useful exposure measure in children as it accounts for growth-related changes in usual EI during childhood. Keywords: Residual energy intake, Europe, Cohort, BMI z-score, Children [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Subjects :
- RESEARCH
ACCELEROMETERS
AGE distribution
CONFIDENCE intervals
INGESTION
MEDICAL cooperation
NUTRITIONAL assessment
PROBABILITY theory
REGRESSION analysis
RESEARCH funding
SEX distribution
STATURE
SECONDARY analysis
BODY mass index
CROSS-sectional method
PHYSICAL activity
DATA analysis software
DESCRIPTIVE statistics
ODDS ratio
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 14795868
- Volume :
- 13
- Database :
- Complementary Index
- Journal :
- International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition & Physical Activity
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 113047919
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-016-0344-3