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Effects of feeding frequency and dietary protein levels on juvenile allogynogenetic gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) var. CAS III: growth, feed utilization and serum free essential amino acids dynamics.

Authors :
Zhao, Shuaibing
Han, Dong
Zhu, Xiaoming
Jin, Junyan
Yang, Yunxia
Xie, Shouqi
Source :
Aquaculture Research; Jan2016, Vol. 47 Issue 1, p290-303, 14p
Publication Year :
2016

Abstract

A 8 week growth trial of three feeding frequencies (2, 4 and 6 meals day<superscript>-1</superscript>) and three dietary protein levels (30%, 34% and 38%) was conducted to investigate the influence of feeding frequency and dietary protein level on growth, feed utilization, serum free essential amino acids (EAA) dynamics and nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), carbon (C) retention in juvenile allogynogenetic gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) 'CAS III'. The results showed that feeding frequency and dietary protein level increased feed intake (FI), specific growth rate (SGR) and feed efficiency (FE). SGR increased significantly with the increase in feeding frequency and dietary protein level. But, the increase in dietary protein level from 30% to 38% in group 6 meals day<superscript>-1</superscript> did not result in better growth. Compared with the group of 4 meals day<superscript>-1</superscript> × 38%, the fish fed the diet containing 30% crude protein at 6 meals day<superscript>-1</superscript> obtained similar SGR but showed lower FIp (protein intake). Compared with 2 meals day<superscript>-1</superscript>, NREs (nitrogen retention efficiency) of 4 and 6 meals day<superscript>-1</superscript> were relatively higher. PRE (phosphorus retention efficiency) and CRE (carbon retention efficiency) increased significantly with feeding frequency while TNW (total nitrogen waste output), TPW (total phosphorus waste output) and TCW (total carbon waste output) decreased significantly. Feeding frequency and dietary protein level increased trypsin activity. Serum free EAA concentrations varied more synchronously at 6 meals day<superscript>-1</superscript> than 2 meals day<superscript>-1</superscript>. It could be concluded that increasing feeding frequency could improve growth by increasing feed intake and feed efficiency for juvenile gibel carp. The increase in feeding frequency showed proteinsparing effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1355557X
Volume :
47
Issue :
1
Database :
Complementary Index
Journal :
Aquaculture Research
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
111930845
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1111/are.12491