Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Cetylpyridinium Chloride and Zinc Chloride--Containing Mouthrinses on Bacteria of Halitosis and Peri-implant Disease.

Purpose: To clarify the antimicrobial efficacy of zinc chloride (ZnCl₂) and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) by testing their impact on the growth of seven bacterial strains known to be involved in the pathophysiology of both peri-implant disease and halitosis--Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia. Materials and Methods: A time-response growth curve was obtained. Commercial mouthrinses with CPC, ZnCl₂, or both were added to the media in a final concentration of 0.25% CPC, 2.5% ZnCl₂, and 2.5% ZnCl₂ with 0.25% CPC. Results: Both CPC and ZnCl₂ effectively inhibited the growth of almost all bacterial strains tested except T denticola. ZnCl₂ was generally more effective in suppressing bacterial growth than CPC. ZnCl₂ with CPC showed the greatest inhibitory activities on almost all strains of bacterial growth except for P gingivalis and T denticola, followed by ZnCl₂, then CPC, thus suggesting the possibility of a synergistic effect of the two agents. P gingivalis exhibited a different pattern because ZnCl₂ showed the most significant inhibitory effect. CPC did not show growth inhibitory effects on T denticola, but ZnCl₂ did. Conclusion: Zinc and CPC effectively inhibit bacterial growth that causes both halitosis and peri-implant disease. The effect is even more powerful when applied in combination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]