Temperature-Dependent Scaling Behavior of Dynamic Hysteresis in Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 Ceramics.

The dynamic hysteresis scaling behaviors of Nb-doped Pb(Zr_0.52Ti_0.48)O₃ ceramics have been investigated as a function of electric field amplitude ( E₀) and frequency ( f) at different temperatures ( T). The loop area <A> of saturated loops is found to follow various power laws as <A> ∝ E₀^0.3065 at fixed f and <A> ∝ f ^0.0120 at fixed E₀. Furthermore, the linear scaling relation <A> = k₃ f^α E₀^β + b₃ is estimated under various temperatures. The exponents α (=0.01) and β (=0.10) are T-independent, whereas the slopes k₃ and y-intercepts b₃ are T-dependent because the increasing temperature in the same phase range only decreases the threshold field of the reversal rather than change the dynamic reversal process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]