A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Intermittent Administration of Interleukin-2 and Prednisone in Subjects Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

Intermittent administration of interleukin (IL)-2 produces significant and sustained increases in CD4[SUP+] T lymphocyte count in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects but can be associated with dose-limiting toxicities. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether concomitant administration of prednisone could decrease these toxicities. HIV-seropositive adults receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) were randomized to receive either (1) intermittent subcutaneous IL-2 and placebo, (2) intermittent subcutaneous IL-2 and prednisone, (3) intermittent prednisone, or (4) intermittent placebo. Prednisone decreased levels of proinflammatory cytokines during IL-2 cycles but, despite induction of expression of CD25, blunted increases in IL-2-associated CD4[SUP+] T lymphocyte count. Whereas intermittent administration of IL-2 reduced basal proliferation of CD4[SUP+] T cells, this effect was inhibited by prednisone, suggesting that prednisone potentially interferes with IL-2's long-term effects on survival of T lymphocytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]