Preliminary study on changed variety by grafting method to longan.

The variety of Shixia longan was changed to cv Liangqing No.1 which mature late, big fruit and high price of market by three different grating methods. The study was carried out to exploring the grafting method of high survival rate and the yield quickly recovery. The results showed that the survive rate, the scion number of survival grafted on stock (diameter 0.5 1.5 cm, treatment two or T2) were much higher than grafted on heave (diameter 5 10 cm, treatment one or T1) and grafted on autumn scion sprouting from heavy cut stock (treatment three or T3). The survival rate of the three treatments was 27.27 % , 63.10 % and 72.73 % , and the survival quantity of scion of per tree was 3,45 and 8. In September of 2012, the crown diameter of the Shixia longan three treatments was 165.7, 358.3 and 154.3 cm before grafted, the height was 138.7 ,206.7 , 163.0 cm, respectively. Three month later, the crown diameter of three treatments was 181.3,370,168.3 cm, the height was 169.7,223.3,173.3 cm, respectively. The number of inflorescence per tree of T1, T2 and T3 was 40,0,2 ,respectively in the spring of 2013. The water potential of the Summer twig of T2 was lower than T1 and T3 ,they were -0.48 MPa,-0.77 MPa,-0.50 MPa. The root depth of the vertical distribution of three treatments was mainly between 0 cm to 60 cm, the quantity of root of T2 was much more than Ti and T3 , The root quantity of the depth between 0 cm to 60 cm and 50 cm far from the trunk was 37,72 and 18 , the horizontal distribution of the root of T2 was wider than Ti and T3 , mainly between 0 cm to 100 cm, T1 The photochemical quenching coefficient of T2 was the highest, the photosynthetic activity was strong, and it was significantly higher than T1. In conclusion, the integreted effects of the top working graft treatment was significantly better than the two treatments of heavy cutting-back. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]