Review of modelling approaches for passive ceiling cooling systems.

Passive ceiling cooling systems can lead to reduced cooling requirements, less fan energy and downsized ductwork, compared to conventional all-air systems. Additionally, radiant cooling of occupants allows for improved comfort while allowing for higher operating temperature, improving chiller efficiency. This paper presents a comprehensive review of current modelling approaches for passive ceiling cooling systems in order to document the state of the art and identify current research gaps and modelling development needs. Modelling methods are separated in three main categories, based on the domain of interest:componentor “passive ceiling cooler” models, “indoor environment” models and “integrated” models. Simplified, detailed and empirical models are presented for each category. Different modelling approaches may be appropriate for different purposes (design vs. control analysis, and system simulation vs. whole building performance). The study summarizes useful findings, modelling limitations and applications, and presents needs for further modelling and simulation research, including passive chilled beams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]