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Macrophage-tropic HIV and SIV envelope proteins induce a signal through the CCR5 chemokine receptor.
- Source :
-
Nature [Nature] 1997 Oct 30; Vol. 389 (6654), pp. 981-5. - Publication Year :
- 1997
-
Abstract
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) enter target cells by forming a complex between the viral envelope protein and two cell-surface membrane receptors: CD4 and a 7-span transmembrane chemokine receptor. Isolates of HIV that differ in cellular tropism use different subsets of chemokine receptors as entry cofactors: macrophage-tropic HIVs primarily use CCR5, whereas T-cell-tropic and dual-tropic isolates use CXCR4 receptors. HIV-mediated signal transduction through CCR5 is not required for efficient fusion and entry of HIV in vitro. Here we show that recombinant envelope proteins from macrophage-tropic HIV and SIV induce a signal through CCR5 on CD4+ T cells and that envelope-mediated signal transduction through CCR5 induces chemotaxis of T cells. This chemotactic response may contribute to the pathogenesis of HIV in vivo by chemo-attracting activated CD4+ cells to sites of viral replication. HIV-mediated signalling through CCR5 may also enhance viral replication in vivo by increasing the activation state of target cells. Alternatively, envelope-mediated CCR5 signal transduction may influence viral-associated cytopathicity or apoptosis.
- Subjects :
- CD4 Antigens metabolism
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes metabolism
Calcium metabolism
Cell Line
Chemokine CCL4
Chemotaxis
HIV Envelope Protein gp120 metabolism
HIV Envelope Protein gp160 metabolism
Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating metabolism
Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins metabolism
Macrophages metabolism
Recombinant Proteins metabolism
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes virology
Gene Products, env metabolism
HIV-1 physiology
Macrophages virology
Membrane Glycoproteins
Receptors, CCR5 metabolism
Signal Transduction
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus physiology
Viral Envelope Proteins
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0028-0836
- Volume :
- 389
- Issue :
- 6654
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Nature
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 9353123
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/40173