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Use of yohimbine to reverse prolonged effects of xylazine hydrochloride in a horse being treated with chloramphenicol.
- Source :
-
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association [J Am Vet Med Assoc] 1997 Jun 15; Vol. 210 (12), pp. 1771-3. - Publication Year :
- 1997
-
Abstract
- A 1-year-old Standardbred gelding had received xylazine hydrochloride (0.75 to 1.00 mg/kg [0.34 to 0.45 mg/lb] of body weight, IV) during 2 surgeries for debridement of a wound. The horse was given chloramphenicol (55 mg/kg [25 mg/lb], PO, q 6 h) for 5 days, and was anesthetized a third time with xylazine (0.75 mg/kg, IM). Five hours after administration of xylazine, the horse remained markedly sedated and had clinical signs of gaseous distention of the large bowel (bloat) requiring trocharization. Administration of yohimbine (0.03 mg/kg [0.01 mg/lb], i.v.) eliminated signs of sedation within 5 minutes. Moderate flatulence developed, and gastrointestinal sounds could be heard within all 4 abdominal quadrants within 15 minutes of yohimbine administration. The remainder of recovery was unremarkable. Xylazine induces bradycardia and decreases gastrointestinal motility in addition to causing sedation, muscle relaxation, and analgesia. Chloramphenicol can inhibit oxidase activity of cytochrome P-450 and inhibit metabolism and elimination of drugs such as xylazine.
- Subjects :
- Anesthesia, Intravenous methods
Anesthesia, Intravenous veterinary
Anesthetics metabolism
Anesthetics pharmacology
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology
Chloramphenicol pharmacology
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors
Debridement methods
Debridement veterinary
Drug Interactions
Gastrointestinal Motility drug effects
Gastrointestinal Motility physiology
Horses metabolism
Horses surgery
Male
Tendons surgery
Wound Healing drug effects
Wound Healing physiology
Xylazine metabolism
Xylazine pharmacology
Anesthetics antagonists & inhibitors
Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use
Chloramphenicol therapeutic use
Horses physiology
Sympatholytics pharmacology
Xylazine antagonists & inhibitors
Yohimbine pharmacology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0003-1488
- Volume :
- 210
- Issue :
- 12
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 9187728