Modulation of the alpha 2 macroglobulin receptor/low density lipoprotein receptor related protein by interferon-gamma in human astroglial cells.

Alpha 2 macroglobulin receptor/low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (alpha 2 Mr/LRP) is a multi-functional cell surface receptor that has been implicated in important processes, such as atherogenesis, cellular migration, immune response and degenerative diseases. Its expression increases in human brain during Alzheimer's disease, tissue injury and neoplastic transformation. In the present paper we studied the regulation of alpha 2 Mr expression by interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) in human astrocytoma cell lines and in fetal astrocytes. Western blots demonstrated an increase of the alpha 2 Mr expression after 24 h of IFN gamma treatment. This effect paralleled the up-regulation of alpha 2 Mr mRNA, as detected by PCR. By prolonging incubation with IFN gamma, we observed a decrement of alpha 2 Mr in IFN gamma treated cells, both by western blot and cytometric analysis. Since in the same cells IFN gamma also up-regulates alpha 2 macroglobulin, this effect may be due to an augmented degradation of the receptor during its recycling.