[A case of renal cell carcinoma of the native kidney following cadaveric renal transplantation].

A case of renal cell carcinoma of the right native kidney following cadaveric renal transplantation is reported. A 44-year old male underwent cadaveric renal transplantation in 1993 and had stable graft function, but he had suffered from hypertension before the renal transplantation and multiple antihypertensive medications were not effective. Abdominal computed tomography demonstrated bilateral contracted kidneys, but we could not rule out renal cell carcinoma of the right kidney, completely. Angiography of the graft artery revealed no stenosis and venous sampling suggested that plasma renin activity was increased in the left renal vein. Thus we performed bilateral native nephrectomy. Histology of the right kidney was renal cell carcinoma, clear cell subtype, grade 1, pT2, and the left kidney was end stage of renal disease. Because of high incidence of malignant neoplasia after renal transplantation, routine careful examination is quite important.