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Effects of acarbose on fecal nutrients, colonic pH, and short-chain fatty acids and rectal proliferative indices.
- Source :
-
Metabolism: clinical and experimental [Metabolism] 1996 Sep; Vol. 45 (9), pp. 1179-87. - Publication Year :
- 1996
-
Abstract
- Acarbose, an alpha-glycosidase inhibitor, treats diabetes mellitus by delaying the digestion and intestinal absorption of dietary carbohydrates. In effective doses, acarbose induces some passage of carbohydrates into the colon. The effect of such chronic carbohydrate transfer on colonic structure and function is unknown. We studied the effects of 1 year of acarbose administration in diabetes mellitus on fecal energy, protein, and fat, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) output, fecal pH, and several metabolizing bacterial species. Changes in colonic histology and epithelial cell proliferation were investigated in rectal biopsies. Fecal macronutrient output was unaffected by acarbose, but pH decreased and total SCFA, butyrate, and acetate output were markedly greater. Breath hydrogen output increased after acarbose, but digoxin-metabolizing bacteria and diacylglycerol (DAG) production were unaltered. Compared with the control, acarbose did not induce hyperplasia or change rectal proliferation. However, total fecal SCFA and butyrate output correlated inversely with proliferation in the rectal upper crypt-a biomarker of risk for colonic neoplasia. In conclusion, long-term acarbose administration does not adversely affect colonic function or fecal nutrient output. If increased fecal SCFA and butyrate reduces upper-crypt proliferation, then acarbose may reduce the risk of colonic neoplasia.
- Subjects :
- Acarbose
Bacteria isolation & purification
Bacteria metabolism
Body Water
Cell Cycle
Cell Division
Digoxin metabolism
Feces microbiology
Humans
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Placebos
Colon chemistry
Fatty Acids, Volatile chemistry
Feces chemistry
Hypoglycemic Agents pharmacology
Rectum cytology
Trisaccharides pharmacology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0026-0495
- Volume :
- 45
- Issue :
- 9
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Metabolism: clinical and experimental
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 8781308
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0495(96)90020-7