[Differential diagnosis of rejection after kidney transplantation. Noninvasive rapid diagnosis by determining special urinary proteins].

Thanks to the use of highly sensitive assays for specific proteins in the urine, it is now possible to obtain, non-invasively and reproducibly, relevant differential diagnostic information when rejection is suspected following renal transplantation. The determination of C-reactive protein and alpha-2 macroglobulin, for example, makes it possible to decide whether a bacterial infection is present or not. Certain constellations of other proteins in the urine permit conclusions to be drawn, for example, as to the presence of CMV infection, the nature of the rejection, transplant glomerulopathy or cyclosporine toxicity. Follow-up studies with the aim of checking the success of treatment, are possible.