Cytogenetic profile of uterine sarcomas.

Background: Diagnostic and consistent chromosomal abnormalities have been reported in several soft tissue sarcomas, but few studies have reported the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities in uterine sarcomas.
Methods: Cytogenetic studies were performed on specimens of uterine sarcoma from 14 patients. The specimens included five of leiomyosarcoma (LMS), four of endometrial stroma sarcoma (ESS), and five of malignant mixed mesodermal tumor (MMMT).
Results: Chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 10 of 14 (71%) patients. Chromosome 1 was involved in 7 of 13 (54%) of the patients, chromosome 11 in 6 of 13 (46%), and chromosome 7 in 6 of 13 (46%). A site-specific chromosomal abnormality, del(11)(q22) was found in two patients with LMS and three patients with MMMT, and 7q31 also was involved frequently. Marked genomic instability characterized the MMMT studied.
Conclusions: These findings suggest that abnormalities of chromosomes 1, 7, and 11 may play a role in tumor initiation or progression in uterine sarcomas. Genomic alterations in the region 11q22 may be specific for malignant smooth muscle tumors of the uterus.