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Clinical pharmacology of rocuronium (Org 9426): study of the time course of action, dose requirement, reversibility, and pharmacokinetics.
- Source :
-
Journal of clinical anesthesia [J Clin Anesth] 1994 Jul-Aug; Vol. 6 (4), pp. 288-96. - Publication Year :
- 1994
-
Abstract
- Study Objective: To evaluate the time course of action, dose requirement, reversibility, and pharmacokinetics of rocuronium (Org 9426) under 3 anesthetic techniques (nitrous oxide-fentanyl supplemented with propofol, halothane, or isoflurane).<br />Design: Prospective, randomized study.<br />Setting: Operating suite at a university hospital.<br />Patients: 36 ASA physical status I-III patients aged 18 to 65 years who were scheduled for elective surgery.<br />Interventions: The time course of action of an intubation dose of rocuronium 600 micrograms/kg was investigated in 36 patients. In 18 of these patients, the maintenance dose requirement of rocuronium and reversibility by neostigmine were evaluated. In the remaining 18 patients, the pharmacokinetics of rocuronium after the intubating dose were studied. Neuromuscular transmission was monitored by mechanomyography. Venous blood samples and urine were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography.<br />Measurements and Main Results: With the exception of a longer clinical duration of rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block in the isoflurane group compared with the propofol group (p = 0.03), time course of action variables were similar in the 3 groups. In patients receiving maintenance doses of rocuronium, the dose requirement until reversal was 636 +/- 191 micrograms/kg/hr, 496 +/- 107 micrograms/kg/hr, and 384 +/- 127 micrograms/kg/hr for the propofol, halothane, and isoflurane groups, respectively (p = 0.02 for the isoflurane group vs. the propofol group). With respect to the reversal of a rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block, there were no differences in the percentage recovery or rate of recovery among the 3 groups. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed no significant differences for rocuronium during the 3 anesthetic techniques.<br />Conclusion: Isoflurane potentiates the rocuronium-induced neuromuscular block, resulting in a longer clinical duration and lower maintenance dose requirement. This difference is not explained by differences in pharmacokinetics but is probably due to increased sensitivity of the neuromuscular junction to rocuronium during isoflurane anesthesia.
- Subjects :
- Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Androstanols administration & dosage
Androstanols antagonists & inhibitors
Androstanols pharmacokinetics
Atropine Derivatives pharmacology
Female
Fentanyl administration & dosage
Halothane administration & dosage
Humans
Isoflurane administration & dosage
Male
Middle Aged
Neostigmine pharmacology
Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents administration & dosage
Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents antagonists & inhibitors
Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents pharmacokinetics
Nitrous Oxide administration & dosage
Propofol administration & dosage
Prospective Studies
Rocuronium
Time Factors
Androstanols pharmacology
Anesthesia, General
Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents pharmacology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0952-8180
- Volume :
- 6
- Issue :
- 4
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Journal of clinical anesthesia
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 7946364
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/0952-8180(94)90075-2