Immunomodulatory effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate on human neutrophils and the human promyelocytic HL-60 cell line.

The effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), an anionic amphiphilic detergent, on the function of human neutrophils and of the human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 was investigated. SDS modulated the respiratory burst in human neutrophils and HL-60 cells which were stimulated with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). In concentrations above 1 X 10(-6) M it also caused release of lysosomal enzymes (beta-D-glucuronidase, myeloperoxidase and lysozyme) from neutrophils. Our results demonstrate that SDS at concentrations 1 X 10(-6) M-1 X 10(-4) M strongly affect properties of human phagocytic cells.