[Interaction of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase with promoters. The need for a classified approach in studying the code of promoter-polymerase recognition].

The data on E. coli RNA polymerase (E sigma 70) interaction with its numerous promoters are reviewed. Two different approaches to the problem of promoter-polymerase recognition code are analyzed. One approach is consistent with the idea of a universal code on the basis of a consensus promoter. According to this approach, the unique active center in the enzyme is involved in interaction with all promoters. The second approach is based on the original concept suggesting the existence of several active centers in RNA polymerase, each of them interacting with its own group of promoters. This approach is based on the idea that promoter-polymerase recognition is coded by different programs for different groups of promoters; therefore, the problem should be contemplated from the standpoint of a classification analysis of promoters. Supporting evidence in favour of this concept is presented.