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Covert manipulation of dietary fat and energy density: effect on substrate flux and food intake in men eating ad libitum.
- Source :
-
The American journal of clinical nutrition [Am J Clin Nutr] 1995 Aug; Vol. 62 (2), pp. 316-29. - Publication Year :
- 1995
-
Abstract
- This study assessed whether human food intake is regulated by negative feedback, directly or indirectly, from carbohydrate stores (glycogenostatic model). Six men were studied on three occasions during 7 d of whole-body indirect calorimetry, throughout which they had ad libitum access to one of three covertly manipulated diets: low fat (20% of energy as fat, 67% of energy as carbohydrate, and 13% of energy as protein; 4.80 kJ/g; LF), medium fat (40% of energy as fat, 47% of energy as carbohydrate, and 13% of energy as protein; 5.59 kJ/g; MF), or high fat (60% of energy as fat, 27% of energy as carbohydrate, and 13% of energy as protein; 7.04 kJ/g; HF). Energy intakes increased with percent fat (F[92,60] = 36.7; P < 0.001), producing average daily balances of -0.27, 0.77, and 2.58 MJ/d during the LF, MF, and HF diets, respectively. Changes in carbohydrate stores were attenuated by autoregulatory changes in carbohydrate oxidation. Carbohydrate balance showed a negative relation to the subsequent day's energy balance (t = 2.696; P = 0.0082) but explained only 5.5% of the variance. The relation for fat was positive (t = 5.245; P < 0.0001), accounting for 19.9% of the variance (stepwise regression). LF, lower-energy diets are more satiating than are HF-higher-energy diets, but carbohydrate stores per se did not entirely account for the change that diet composition had on energy intake. This study suggests that protein and carbohydrate have potential to reduce subsequent energy intake whereas there was no apparent reductive effect due to fat.
- Subjects :
- Adult
Analysis of Variance
Appetite drug effects
Appetite physiology
Body Weight physiology
Calorimetry, Indirect
Dietary Carbohydrates administration & dosage
Dietary Carbohydrates metabolism
Dietary Fats metabolism
Energy Intake physiology
Humans
Hunger drug effects
Hunger physiology
Male
Middle Aged
Models, Biological
Oxidation-Reduction
Satiation drug effects
Satiation physiology
Time Factors
Dietary Fats administration & dosage
Eating physiology
Energy Metabolism physiology
Feeding Behavior physiology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0002-9165
- Volume :
- 62
- Issue :
- 2
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- The American journal of clinical nutrition
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 7625338
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/62.2.316