Genetic architecture of cerebrospinal fluid and brain metabolite levels and the genetic colocalization of metabolites with human traits.

Brain metabolism perturbation can contribute to traits and diseases. We conducted a genome-wide association study for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain metabolite levels, identifying 205 independent associations (47.3% new signals, containing 11 new loci) for 139 CSF metabolites, and 32 independent associations (43.8% new signals, containing 4 new loci) for 31 brain metabolites. Of these, 96.9% (CSF) and 71.4% (brain) of the new signals belonged to previously analyzed metabolites in blood or urine. We integrated the metabolite quantitative trait loci (MQTLs) with 23 neurological, psychiatric and common human traits and diseases through colocalization to identify metabolites and biological processes implicated in these phenotypes. Combining CSF and brain, we identified 71 metabolite-trait associations, such as glycerophosphocholines with Alzheimer's disease, O-sulfo-L-tyrosine with Parkinson's disease, glycine, xanthine with waist-to-hip ratio and ergothioneine with inflammatory bowel disease. Our study expanded the knowledge of MQTLs in the central nervous system, providing insights into human traits.
Competing Interests: Competing interests C.C. has received research support from GSK and EISAI and is a member of the advisory board of Circular Genomics and owns stocks. A.R. and M.B. have received research support from Grifols, Roche, Araclon and Janssen. The funders of the study had no role in the collection, analysis or interpretation of data; in the writing of the report; or in the decision to submit the paper for publication. All other authors have no conflict of interest.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc.)