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Use of the Puccinia sorghi haustorial transcriptome to identify and characterize AvrRp1-D recognized by the maize Rp1-D resistance protein.

Use of the Puccinia sorghi haustorial transcriptome to identify and characterize AvrRp1-D recognized by the maize Rp1-D resistance protein.

Authors :
Kim SB
Kim KT
In S
Jaiswal N
Lee GW
Jung S
Rogers A
Gómez-Trejo LF
Gautam S
Helm M
Ahn HK
Lee HY
Read QD
Woo J
Holan KL
Whitham SA
Jones JDG
Choi D
Dean R
Park E
Balint-Kurti P
Source :
PLoS pathogens [PLoS Pathog] 2024 Nov 08; Vol. 20 (11), pp. e1012662. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 08 (Print Publication: 2024).
Publication Year :
2024

Abstract

The common rust disease of maize is caused by the obligate biotrophic fungus Puccinia sorghi. The maize Rp1-D allele imparts resistance against the P. sorghi IN2 isolate by initiating a defense response that includes a rapid localized programmed cell death process, the hypersensitive response (HR). In this study, to identify AvrRp1-D from P. sorghi IN2, we employed the isolation of haustoria, facilitated by a biotin-streptavidin interaction, as a powerful approach. This method proves particularly advantageous in cases where the genome information for the fungal pathogen is unavailable, enhancing our ability to explore and understand the molecular interactions between maize and P. sorghi. The haustorial transcriptome generated through this technique, in combination with bioinformatic analyses such as SignalP and TMHMM, enabled the identification of 251 candidate effectors. We ultimately identified two closely related genes, AvrRp1-D.1 and AvrRp1-D.2, which triggered an Rp1-D-dependent defense response in Nicotiana benthamiana. AvrRp1-D-induced Rp1-D-dependent HR was further confirmed in maize protoplasts. We demonstrated that AvrRp1-D.1 interacts directly and specifically with the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain of Rp1-D through yeast two-hybrid assay. We also provide evidence that, in the absence of Rp1-D, AvrRp1-D.1 plays a role in suppressing the plant immune response. Our research provides valuable insights into the molecular interactions driving resistance against common rust in maize.<br />Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.<br /> (Copyright: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.)

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
1553-7374
Volume :
20
Issue :
11
Database :
MEDLINE
Journal :
PLoS pathogens
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
39514589
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012662