Ischemic mitral regurgitation: To repair or replace? A single center experience.

Objective: Recent reports on ischemic mitral valve (MV) regurgitation surgical strategies have suggested better hemodynamic performance with MV replacement (MVR) than MV repair (MVr) with no survival difference at 2 years. We evaluated the difference between MVR and MVr outcomes in patients with ischemic MR, including hemodynamic MV performance at 1 and 2 years postoperatively.
Methods: A single center cardiac surgery database was queried for patients (aged >/ = 18 years) requiring mitral valve surgery with concomitant CABG or PCI between January 2010 and June 2018. Patients were separated into two groups: mitral valve repair using ring annuloplasty (MVr) and mitral valve replacement (MVR).
Results: A total of 111 patients (median age 66 years, 76% male) underwent an operation for ischemic mitral regurgitation during the study period. (44%) had MVr and 62 (56%) had MVR. Both groups had > 80% concomitant CABG. The MVr group had lower EF (40% vs. 55%, p < 0.01), shorter cardiopulmonary bypass time (117 vs. 164 minutes, p < .01) and shorter aortic cross-clamp time (80 vs. 116 minutes, p < .01). The in-hospital mortality (6% vs. 10%, p = 1.00) and 1-year mortality (14% vs. 18%, p = 0.17) were similar between the groups. Pre-operative left ventricular internal diameter at end-diastole was greater in the MVr group (5.6cm vs. 4.6cm, p < .01). At 1-year, more patients in the MVR group had no or trace regurgitation (29% vs. 61%, p = 0.01), however, the number of patients with moderate or greater mitral regurgitation was similar (6% vs. 12%, p = 0.69). At 2-years, the MVr and MVR groups had no difference in moderate or severe mitral regurgitation (7% vs. 13%, p = 0.68).
Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate similar early mortality and mid-term mitral valve performance, suggesting that MV repair could be a good surgical option in patients with ischemic MR requiring surgical revascularization.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2024 Sweeney et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)