Development of photoactive ZnS-SiO 2 composites on biogenic silica matrix for organic pollutant degradation.

Sulfide ZnS-SiO ₂ composite photocatalysts with biogenic silica matrix were prepared by sol-gel method based on wet gel and xerogel. FT-IR, SEM, XRD, EDXRF, UV-Vis, and XPS methods were systematically used to characterize the obtained materials. The use of support allowed to obtain stable porous (S _BET  = 79-105 m ²  g ^-1 ; V _pore  = 0.25-0.17 cm ³ ·g ^-1 ) ZnS-SiO ₂ photocatalysts in aqueous solutions. Zn ²⁺ content in methyl orange solution after its degradation was 0.4 MPC. ZnS-SiO ₂ composites had 3.68-3.70 eV band gap. The obtained materials were photoactive under different irradiation conditions (sunlight, UV-light, Xenon light, visible light) due to effective separation of charge carriers (e ^- and h ⁺ ). Methyl orange degradation degree under UV light excitation was 35-88%, under sunlight - 11-30%. ZnS-SiO ₂ composite synthesized using silica xerogel showed a greater photoactivity due to a presence of cone-shaped or cylindrical pores with one open end in its structure and a higher content of ZnS photoactive component. A comparative study of photocatalytic performance of methyl orange degradation by ZnS-SiO ₂ under UV irradiation was investigated using radical scavengers. ^• O ₂ ^- was main active species during MO degradation under UV irradiation, and electrons played additional role during the photocatalytic process.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)