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Pathways regulating intestinal stem cells and potential therapeutic targets for radiation enteropathy.
- Source :
-
Molecular biomedicine [Mol Biomed] 2024 Oct 10; Vol. 5 (1), pp. 46. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 10. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Radiotherapy is a pivotal intervention for cancer patients, significantly impacting their treatment outcomes and survival prospects. Nevertheless, in the course of treating those with abdominal, pelvic, or retroperitoneal malignant tumors, the procedure inadvertently exposes adjacent intestinal tissues to radiation, posing risks of radiation-induced enteropathy upon reaching threshold doses. Stem cells within the intestinal crypts, through their controlled proliferation and differentiation, support the critical functions of the intestinal epithelium, ensuring efficient nutrient absorption while upholding its protective barrier properties. Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) regulation is intricately orchestrated by diverse signaling pathways, among which are the WNT, BMP, NOTCH, EGF, Hippo, Hedgehog and NF-κB, each contributing to the complex control of these cells' behavior. Complementing these pathways are additional regulators such as nutrient metabolic states, and the intestinal microbiota, all of which contribute to the fine-tuning of ISCs behavior in the intestinal crypts. It is the harmonious interplay among these signaling cascades and modulating elements that preserves the homeostasis of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), thereby ensuring the gut's overall health and function. This review delves into the molecular underpinnings of how stem cells respond in the context of radiation enteropathy, aiming to illuminate potential biological targets for therapeutic intervention. Furthermore, we have compiled a summary of several current treatment methodologies. By unraveling these mechanisms and treatment methods, we aspire to furnish a roadmap for the development of novel therapeutics, advancing our capabilities in mitigating radiation-induced intestinal damage.<br /> (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Subjects :
- Humans
Animals
Intestinal Mucosa radiation effects
Intestinal Mucosa metabolism
Intestinal Mucosa pathology
Intestinal Diseases pathology
Intestines radiation effects
Intestines pathology
Stem Cells radiation effects
Stem Cells metabolism
Radiation Injuries therapy
Radiation Injuries pathology
Signal Transduction radiation effects
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2662-8651
- Volume :
- 5
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Molecular biomedicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 39388072
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s43556-024-00211-0