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Immune response in vaccinated healthcare workers with frequent COVID-19 infections is characterised by blunted IFNγ and IL-2 responses to SARS-CoV-2 variants.
- Source :
-
Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) [Clin Immunol] 2024 Sep 27, pp. 110371. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 27. - Publication Year :
- 2024
- Publisher :
- Ahead of Print
-
Abstract
- Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite widespread vaccination, some HCWs develop frequent symptomatic infection. We hypothesised that HCWs with frequent symptomatic COVID-19 have impaired T and B cell mediated immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Vaccinated HCWs with no prior COVID infection (n = 9), asymptomatic recent infection (n = 10), and frequent recent infection (n = 15) were recruited from a longitudinal HCW cohort study. Whole blood stimulation with SARS-CoV-2 variants (Wuhan, B.1.617, BA.2, BA.2.75, BA.4/5, XBB.1.5, BQ.1.1) was performed, with IFNγ and IL-2 responses, total IgG produced, and anti-Spike antibody neutralising capacity measured. Frequent infections had similar IFNγ and IL-2 responses to the never infected group, with significantly higher responses in the asymptomatic group. The frequent cohort had higher IgG responses to Delta and BA.4/5 and higher neutralising capacity against Omicron variants. An immune signature of blunted IL-2 and IFNγ in frequent infections may identify HCWs at increased risk of further infection.<br />Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests.<br /> (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1521-7035
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 39343286
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2024.110371