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SARS-CoV-2 Variants from Long-Term, Persistently Infected Immunocompromised Patients Have Altered Syncytia Formation, Temperature-Dependent Replication, and Serum Neutralizing Antibody Escape.
- Source :
-
Viruses [Viruses] 2024 Sep 09; Vol. 16 (9). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 09. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- SARS-CoV-2 infection of immunocompromised individuals often leads to prolonged detection of viral RNA and infectious virus in nasal specimens, presumably due to the lack of induction of an appropriate adaptive immune response. Mutations identified in virus sequences obtained from persistently infected patients bear signatures of immune evasion and have some overlap with sequences present in variants of concern. We characterized virus isolates obtained greater than 100 days after the initial COVID-19 diagnosis from two COVID-19 patients undergoing immunosuppressive cancer therapy, wand compared them to an isolate from the start of the infection. Isolates from an individual who never mounted an antibody response specific to SARS-CoV-2 despite the administration of convalescent plasma showed slight reductions in plaque size and some showed temperature-dependent replication attenuation on human nasal epithelial cell culture compared to the virus that initiated infection. An isolate from another patient-who did mount a SARS-CoV-2 IgM response-showed temperature-dependent changes in plaque size as well as increased syncytia formation and escape from serum-neutralizing antibodies. Our results indicate that not all virus isolates from immunocompromised COVID-19 patients display clear signs of phenotypic change, but increased attention should be paid to monitoring virus evolution in this patient population.
- Subjects :
- Humans
Immune Evasion
Temperature
Male
Female
Middle Aged
RNA, Viral genetics
Chlorocebus aethiops
Vero Cells
SARS-CoV-2 immunology
SARS-CoV-2 genetics
SARS-CoV-2 physiology
COVID-19 virology
COVID-19 immunology
Antibodies, Neutralizing blood
Antibodies, Neutralizing immunology
Immunocompromised Host
Virus Replication
Antibodies, Viral blood
Antibodies, Viral immunology
Giant Cells virology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1999-4915
- Volume :
- 16
- Issue :
- 9
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Viruses
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 39339912
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/v16091436