International Headache Society Global Practice Recommendations for Preventive Pharmacological Treatment of Migraine.

Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe author(s) declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article:Francesca Puledda declares speaker and consultancy fees from Abbvie and Teva. Simona Sacco declares grants/contracts, consulting fees or honoraria from Novartis, Uriach, Allergan-AbbVie, Teva, Lilly, Lundbeck, Pfizer, NovoNordisk, Abbott, AstraZeneca, Pfizer. Hans-Christoph Diener received honoraria for participation in clinical trials, contribution to advisory boards or oral presentations from: AbbVie, Lilly, Lundbeck, Novartis, Pfizer, Teva and WebMD. The German Research Council (DFG) supports headache research by HCD. HCD serves on the editorial boards of Cephalalgia, Lancet Neurology and Drugs. Messoud Ashina is a consultant, speaker, or scientific advisor for AbbVie, Amgen, Astra Zeneca, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Lundbeck, Novartis, Pfizer, and Teva; a primary investigator for ongoing AbbVie and Pfizer trials; and is the past president of the International Headache Society. MA is supported through the Lundbeck Foundation Professor Grant (R310-2018-3711) and received institutional research grant from Lundbeck and Novartis. MA serves as associate editor of Journal of Headache Pain, and associate editor of Brain. Sait Ashina has received honoraria for consulting from Allergan/AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Impel NeuroPharma, Linpharma, Lundbeck, Pfizer, Satsuma, Teva, Theranica. SA is an associate editor for Neurology Reviews, BMC Neurology, and Frontiers in Neurology, and serves on the editorial board for Journal of Headache Pain. SA serves as a Trustee on the Board of the International Headache Society and is a member of the Education Committee of the International Headache Society. Eric Liebler declares consulting fees from ElecroCore, Inc. Andrea Cipriani is supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Cognitive Health Clinical Research Facility, by an NIHR Research Professorship (grant RP-2017-08-ST2-006), by the NIHR Oxford and Thames Valley Applied Research Collaboration and by the NIHR Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre (grant NIHR203316). The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the UK National Health Service, the NIHR, or the UK Department of Health. Min Kyung Chu was a site investigator for a multicenter trial sponsored by Biohaven Pharmaceuticals, Allergan Korea, and Ildong Pharmaceutical Company. He received lecture honoraria from Eli Lilly and Company, Handok-Teva, and Ildong Pharmaceutical Company over the past 24 months. He received grants from Yonsei University College of Medicine (6-2021-0229), the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI) (Grant No.: HV22C0106), and a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant. Alexandra Cocores declares grants/contracts from AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Rehaler. Esme Ekizoğlu declares honoraria from Allergan-AbbVie. David Garcia-Azorin declares grants/contracts from Carlos II Research and Castilla and Leon Regional Health, consulting fees from Eli-Lilly, WHO, Lundbeck or honoraria from AbbVie, Teva, Novartis, Pfizer. Carl Göbel declares honoraria from Fielmann AG and German Society for the Study of Pain. Maria Teresa Goicochea, personal fees as speaker or advisory board and/or non-financial support from Pfizer, AbbVie and Teva. Amr Hassan declares consulting fees or honoraria from Novartis, Sanofi Genzyme, Biologix, Merck, Hikma Pharma, Janssen, Inspire Pharma, Future Pharma, Elixir pharma, Allergan, Merck, Biologix, Roche, Bayer, Chemipharm, Al Andalus, and Clavita Pharm. Koichi Hirata declares consulting fees from Otsuka Pharma, and honoraria from Amgen Astellas BioPharma KK, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly Japan KK, MSD, Otsuka Pharma, Pfizer Japan, and Sawai Pharma. Jan Hoffmann declares grants/contracts from Bristol Myers Squibb, International Headache Society (IHS), National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR), Medical Research Council (MRC) and Migraine Trust, consulting fees or honoraria from AbbVie, Cannovex, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Teva, Allergan, Chordate Medical AB, Lundbeck, Sanofi, MD Horizonte, Pfizer, Sage, NEJM Journal Watch Neurology, Oxford University Press, Quintessence Publishing, Springer Healthcare. He holds stock options from Chordate Medical AB. Bronwyn Jenkins declares honoraria from Allergan/AbbVie, Eli-Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Teva, Viatris. Katharina Kamm declares grants/contracts from the German Headache and Migraine Society, Novartis, consulting fees from Hormosan, and honoraria from Lundbeck, TEVA, derCampus, Novartis. Mi Ji Lee declares consulting fees or honoraria from Eli-Lilly, Lundbeck, Pfizer, NuEyne Co, Teva AbbVie, SK Chemical, CKD Pharma, and YuYu. Marco Lisicki declares honoraria from Teva, AbbVie, Novartis, Pfizer and Allergan. Daniele Martinelli declares honoraria from AbbVie and Lundbeck. Teshamae S. Monteith has the following disclosures over the past three years: clinical trial site principal investigator for studies sponsored by Abbvie, Eli Lilly, Ipsen and Rehaler, participation in advisory board/consultancy for AbbVie, Teva, Linpharma, e-Neura, Novartis, Merz, and Pfizer, Educational grant from Amgen and AbbVie, personal fees from Medscape, Massachusetts Medical Society, American Headache Society, American Academy of Neurology, Neurodiem, Academic CME, AbbVie, Novartis, unpaid co-author for research funded by AbbVie, Pfizer/Biohaven, and Theranica. She is an associate editor for Cephalalgia and Continuum Audio, and is on the editorial board for Neurology, American Migraine Foundation, and Brain and Life Magazine. Dr Monteith has provided unpaid service on the board of directors for the International Headache Society (2021-2023) and currently on the executive board for the Florida Society of Neurology. Raffaele Ornello declares grants/contracts from Novartis, consulting fees/honoraria from Eli Lilly, AbbVie, Pfizer, and Teva. Aynur Özge declares consulting fees or honoraria from AbbVie Lilly, Teva, Abdi Ibrahim, İlko and Drogsan. Mario Peres accepted honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers’ bureaus, manuscript writing and educational events from Pfizer, Teva, AbbVie-Allergan, Lundbeck. Accepted travel support from Teva. Participated in advisory boards, AbbVie-Allergan, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, Kenvue, Eurofarma, Sanofi-Aventis. MP is president of ABRACES. Patricia Pozo-Rosich declares grants/contracts from ERANet Neuron, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Novartis, Teva and AbbVie and consulting fees or honoraria from AbbVie, Almirall, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck Medscape, Novartis, Pfizer, Teva. Todd J. Schwedt declares grants/contracts with American Heart Association, Amgen, Henry Jackson Foundation, National Headache Foundation, National Institutes of Health, Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute, Pfizer, Spark Neuro, United States Department f Defense, American Migraine Foundation and Mayo Clinic. Consulting fees from AbbVie, Allergan, Amgen, Axsome, Biodelivery Science, Biohaven, Click Therapeutics, Collegium, Eli Lilly, Equinox, Ipsen, Unpharma, Lundbeck, Novartis, Satsuma, Scilex, Theranica, and Tonix. He declares royalties from UpToDate and stock options from Aural. Marcio Nattan P. Souza declares consulting fees or honoraria from Teva, Libbs, Pfizer, Sandoz, Lundbeck, Allergan/AbbVie, Lilly. Tsubasa Takizawa declares grants/research funds from Eli Lilly, Pfizer and Tsumura and advisory/consulting fees and/or honoraria from Eli Lilly, Daiichi Sankyo, Otsuka, Amgen, Teijin, Pfizer, Kyowa Kirin, Elsai, Kowa, UCB Japan, Takeda, and Santen Pharma. Gisela M. Terwindt declares grants/contracts from European Community, Dutch Heart Foundation, IRRF, Dioraphte and Dutch Brain Council with consulting fees or honoraria from Novartis, Lilly, Teva, AbbVie/Allergan, Lundbeck, Pfizer, Spring Media, Ashfield MedComms, Remedica Cygnea. Nicolas Vandenbussche declares consulting fees or honoraria Pfizer, AbbVie, Novartis, Teva, Babinski VZW, ACREHAB UGent. Shuu-Jiun Wang declares honoraria from AbbVie, Pfizer and Biogen. Cristina Tassorelli declares grants/contracts from AbbVie with consulting fees or honoraria from AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Dompé, Ipsen, Lundbeck, Pfizer, Medscape, Teva. All remaining authors report no disclosures or conflicts of interest