Atlas of Regional Left Ventricular Scar in Nonischemic Cardiomyopathies: Substrates and Etiologies.

Most acquired and inherited cardiomyopathies are characterized by regional left ventricular involvement and nonischemic myocardial scars, often with a disease-specific pattern. Irrespective of the etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms, myocardial disorders are invariably associated with cardiac fibrosis, which contributes to dysfunction and electrical instability. Accordingly, cardiac magnetic resonance plays a central role in the diagnostic work-up and prognostic risk stratification of cardiomyopathies, particularly with the increasing correlation between genetic background and specific disease phenotype. Starting from pattern and distribution of myocardial fibrosis at cardiac magnetic resonance, we provide a practical regional atlas of nonischemic myocardial scar to guide the diagnostic approach to nonischemic cardiomyopathies.
Competing Interests: Dr Olivotto was supported by the European Union's 10.13039/100010661Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement number: 777204: “SILICOFCM - In Silico trials for drug tracing the effects of sarcomeric protein mutations leading to familial cardiomyopathy”; by the Italian Ministry of Health (Left ventricular hypertrophy in aortic valve disease and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: genetic basis, biophysical correlates and viral therapy models” (RF-2013-02356787); and by the EnteCassa di Risparmio di Firenze (bando 2016) “juvenile sudden cardiac death: just know and treat.” The authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose.
(© 2024 The Authors.)