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Diverse RNA viruses of parasitic nematodes can elicit antibody responses in vertebrate hosts.
- Source :
-
Nature microbiology [Nat Microbiol] 2024 Oct; Vol. 9 (10), pp. 2488-2505. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 04. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Parasitic nematodes have an intimate, chronic and lifelong exposure to vertebrate tissues. Here we mined 41 published parasitic nematode transcriptomes from vertebrate hosts and identified 91 RNA viruses across 13 virus orders from 24 families in ~70% (28 out of 41) of parasitic nematode species, which include only 5 previously reported viruses. We observe widespread distribution of virus-nematode associations across multiple continents, suggesting an ancestral acquisition event and host-virus co-evolution. Characterization of viruses of Brugia malayi (BMRV1) and Onchocerca volvulus (OVRV1) shows that these viruses are abundant in reproductive tissues of adult parasites. Importantly, the presence of BMRV1 RNA in B. malayi parasites mounts an RNA interference response against BMRV1 suggesting active viral replication. Finally, BMRV1 and OVRV1 were found to elicit antibody responses in serum samples from infected jirds and infected or exposed humans, indicating direct exposure to the immune system.<br /> (© 2024. The Author(s).)
- Subjects :
- Animals
Humans
Onchocerca volvulus immunology
Onchocerca volvulus genetics
Vertebrates virology
Vertebrates immunology
Vertebrates parasitology
Nematoda immunology
Nematoda genetics
Nematoda virology
Transcriptome
Antibody Formation immunology
Phylogeny
RNA Interference
RNA Viruses immunology
RNA Viruses genetics
Brugia malayi immunology
Brugia malayi genetics
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2058-5276
- Volume :
- 9
- Issue :
- 10
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Nature microbiology
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 39232205
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41564-024-01796-6