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Characterization of the Anti-Viral and Vaccine-Specific CD8 + T Cell Composition upon Treatment with the Cancer Vaccine VSV-GP.
- Source :
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Vaccines [Vaccines (Basel)] 2024 Aug 01; Vol. 12 (8). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 01. - Publication Year :
- 2024
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Abstract
- Numerous factors influence the magnitude and effector phenotype of vaccine-induced CD8 <superscript>+</superscript> T cells, thereby potentially impacting treatment efficacy. Here, we investigate the effect of vaccination dose, route of immunization, presence of a target antigen-expressing tumor, and heterologous prime-boost with peptide vaccine partner following vaccination with antigen-armed VSV-GP. Our results indicate that a higher vaccine dose increases antigen-specific CD8 <superscript>+</superscript> T cell proportions while altering the phenotype. The intravenous route induces the highest proportion of antigen-specific CD8 <superscript>+</superscript> T cells together with the lowest anti-viral response followed by the intraperitoneal, intramuscular, and subcutaneous routes. Moreover, the presence of a B16-OVA tumor serves as pre-prime, thereby increasing OVA-specific CD8 <superscript>+</superscript> T cells upon vaccination and thus altering the ratio of anti-tumor versus anti-viral CD8 <superscript>+</superscript> T cells. Interestingly, tumor-specific CD8 <superscript>+</superscript> T cells exhibit a different phenotype compared to bystander anti-viral CD8 <superscript>+</superscript> T cells. Finally, the heterologous combination of peptide and viral vaccine elicits the highest proportion of antigen-specific CD8 <superscript>+</superscript> T cells in the tumor and tumor-draining lymph nodes. In summary, we provide a basic immune characterization of various factors that affect anti-viral and vaccine target-specific CD8 <superscript>+</superscript> T cell proportions and phenotypes, thereby enhancing our vaccinology knowledge for future vaccine regimen designs.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2076-393X
- Volume :
- 12
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Vaccines
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 39203993
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines12080867