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Chrono-Nutrition, Chrono-Type, and the Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Cross-Sectional Study from the EuroPean Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Study.
- Source :
-
Nutrients [Nutrients] 2024 Aug 07; Vol. 16 (16). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 07. - Publication Year :
- 2024
-
Abstract
- Background : Previous studies have shown that meal timing, poor sleep quality, and chronotype may play a relevant role in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, its relationship with macronutrients by eating occasions has not been explored deeply. Objective : Our aim was to estimate the association between chrono-nutrition, sleep quality, chronotype, and the prevalence of T2DM. Methods : This cross-sectional study included a subset of 3465 middle-aged Caucasian adults (2068 women) from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Spain cohort study. In the 2017-18 follow-up, we assessed chronotype, sleep quality, diet, and sociodemographic data using validated questionnaires. Further, we used blood samples to determine serum levels of glucose. We defined a case of T2DM when serum glucose concentration was ≥126 mg/dL or when participants self-reported diabetes. Results : A higher prevalence of T2DM was associated with poor sleep quality (OR <subscript>poor vs good</subscript> = 2.90, 95% CI = 1.30, 6.28). Carbohydrate intake at breakfast was inversely associated with the prevalence of T2DM (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.66, 0.85). Finally, lipid intake at breakfast was associated with a 13% higher prevalence of T2DM (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.26) for each 1 standard deviation (1-SD) increase. Conclusions : This study concludes that a higher content of carbohydrates at breakfast is correlated with a reduced prevalence of T2DM, while higher lipids intake at breakfast is associated with a higher prevalence of T2DM. Furthermore, poor sleep quality is a potential factor associated with an elevated prevalence of T2DM. Our results emphasize the need for prospective studies to validate and strengthen these observed associations.
- Subjects :
- Humans
Female
Cross-Sectional Studies
Male
Middle Aged
Prospective Studies
Prevalence
Sleep Quality
Spain epidemiology
Adult
Diet
Feeding Behavior
Nutritional Status
Circadian Rhythm physiology
Blood Glucose analysis
Blood Glucose metabolism
Meals
Europe epidemiology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 epidemiology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 blood
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 2072-6643
- Volume :
- 16
- Issue :
- 16
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Nutrients
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 39203735
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16162598