Synergistic photocatalysis for bacteria inactivation and organic pollutant removal by S-scheme heterojunction InVO 4 /Bi 5 O 7 I: Performance evaluation and mechanism investigation.

The low efficiency of charge carrier separation is a major limitation hindering the application of photocatalytic technology. Constructing S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts not only effectively promotes the separation of charge carriers, but also maximizes the oxidative and reductive capabilities of the two monomers. In this study S-scheme heterogeneous InVO ₄ /Bi ₅ O ₇ I photocatalyst was synthesized by hydrothermal method combined with calcination. The optimal sample 20 % InVO ₄ /Bi ₅ O ₇ I can completely deactivate Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) in 30 min, remove 20 mg/L TC 76.0 % in 60 min and 20 mg/L BPA 93.0 % in 90 min. Intermediate products of TC and BPA degradation were detected using LC-MS, and possible degradation pathways were proposed. The photocurrent and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests confirm that InVO ₄ /Bi ₅ O ₇ I exhibits excellent photocurrent intensity and photocarrier migration ability, which are crucial reasons for the enhancement of the photocatalytic performance of the InVO ₄ /Bi ₅ O ₇ I composite. Capture experiments indicate that OH, O ₂ ^- , h ⁺ and e ^- are reactive species. EPR further confirms the generation of OH and O ₂ ^- . Combined with Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and band structure analysis, it is proposed that InVO ₄ /Bi ₅ O ₇ I has an S-scheme charge transfer mechanism.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could influence the work reported in this paper.
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