[Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (aspects of psychopathology and clinical taxonomy)].

Objective: To create a new taxonomy of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) based on the comparability of the design of SSD and borderline states.
Material and Methods: The total sample consists of 205 patients with an established diagnosis of SSD (F21; F25; F22 according to ICD-10) collected from studies of the department of borderline mental pathology and psychosomatic disorders of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Mental Health Research Center and the Department of Psychiatry and Psychosomatics of Moscow State Medical University in the period 2014 to 2024. Clinical, psychometric, statistical methods were used.
Results: A new two-level model of schizotypal personality disorder (STPD) has been developed: the first level is psychopathic-like disorders of the «Ferschroben» type; the second level are psychopathological disorders (positive, negative, etc.), appearing under their «mask», constituting a «tracing paper» of manifestations of schizophrenia «in miniature». The two-level psychopathological model of STPD is a complex clinical phenotype, including independent but overlapping phenotypic formations: psychopathic-like - the «Ferschroben» type; and basic - schizophreniform disorders.
Conclusion: The clinical classification of schizophrenia spectrum disorders has been developed; pseudoneuroses and stress-induced disorders of the endogenous circle are considered in the aspect of the dynamics of STPD.