Single-crystalline metal-oxide dielectrics for top-gate 2D transistors.

Two-dimensional (2D) structures composed of atomically thin materials with high carrier mobility have been studied as candidates for future transistors ^1-4 . However, owing to the unavailability of suitable high-quality dielectrics, 2D field-effect transistors (FETs) cannot attain the full theoretical potential and advantages despite their superior physical and electrical properties ^3,5,6 . Here we demonstrate the fabrication of atomically thin single-crystalline Al ₂ O ₃ (c-Al ₂ O ₃ ) as a high-quality top-gate dielectric in 2D FETs. By using intercalative oxidation techniques, a stable, stoichiometric and atomically thin c-Al ₂ O ₃ layer with a thickness of 1.25 nm is formed on the single-crystalline Al surface at room temperature. Owing to the favourable crystalline structure and well-defined interfaces, the gate leakage current, interface state density and dielectric strength of c-Al ₂ O ₃ meet the International Roadmap for Devices and Systems requirements ^3,5,7 . Through a one-step transfer process consisting of the source, drain, dielectric materials and gate, we achieve top-gate MoS ₂ FETs characterized by a steep subthreshold swing of 61 mV dec ^-1 , high on/off current ratio of 10 ⁸ and very small hysteresis of 10 mV. This technique and material demonstrate the possibility of producing high-quality single-crystalline oxides suitable for integration into fully scalable advanced 2D FETs, including negative capacitance transistors and spin transistors.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)